Verdicts & Voices

How to judge slop

podcasts@cba.org (Alison Crawford, David Masuhara) — Wed, 15 Apr 2026 04:00:00 +0000

B.C. Supreme Court Justice David Masuhara may have been the first judge in Canada to encounter AI-generated fake citations. As he wrote at the time, “generative AI is still no substitute for the professional expertise that the justice system requires of lawyers.”

Two years later, the phenomenon certainly hasn’t gone away. So, there could hardly be a better guest for a discussion about the frequency of hallucinated citations, strategies for identifying them, and ways of dealing with lawyers and self-represented litigants who rely on them in court.

Verdicts & Voices is a legal current affairs podcast presented by the Canadian Bar Association. With her retinue of expert guests, host Alison Crawford keeps listeners up to date on news, views, and stories about the law and the justice system in Canada.

Check out these CBA resources designed to help lawyers use AI responsibly:

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

The badge of good character

podcasts@cba.org (Alison Crawford, Nadia Liva, Ben Kates) — Wed, 8 Apr 2026 04:00:00 +0000

Canadian law societies require licensed lawyers to be of good character. But what does that mean? How is the requirement enforced? And can a person who sexually abused multiple children, and lied about it for years, still meet this standard?

Nadia Liva practices regulatory and disciplinary defence at Liva Freeman Dent LLP, with additional experience in criminal law. Ben Kates chairs the Regulatory Practice Group at WeirFoulds and previously acted as Discipline Counsel for the Law Society of Ontario.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Will the Protecting Victims Act do just that?

podcasts@cba.org (Alison Crawford, Melanie Webb, Simona Jellinek) — Wed, 25 Mar 2026 04:00:00 +0000

When Justice Minister Sean Fraser unveiled the federal government's latest bill to reform the criminal justice system last December, he said Bill C-16 would confront the rise in coercive control and intimate partner violence, and “keep kids safe from predators.”

But will it actually live up to that goal?

The bill includes new mandatory minimum sentences, creates new criminal offences, and increases penalties for sexual crimes. It also seeks to avoid situations where charges get stayed due to excessive delays, but in a way that critics say could make delays even worse.

For a discussion about the pros and cons of Bill C-16, Alison is joined by Melanie Webb, Chair of the CBA Criminal Justice Section and a criminal trial and appellate lawyer at Webb Barristers; and Simona Jellinek, senior counsel at Gluckstein Lawyers with 30 years of experience representing survivors of childhood abuse and adult assaults.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Quebec’s secularism law gets its day in court

podcasts@cba.org (Alison Crawford, Eric Adams, Karine Millaire, Sahar Talebi) — Wed, 18 Mar 2026 04:00:00 +0000

When Quebec’s secularism law finally has its day at the Supreme Court next week, it will be a case for the ages. There will be dozens of interveners, six provinces and the federal government will be represented, and Ontario’s Attorney General will even make his argument personally.

At issue are fundamental questions of individual liberties, religious freedom, gender equality, minority language rights – and whether pre-emptive use of the Charter’s notwithstanding clause bars the Court from wading into any of it.

For a preview of this potentially seismic legal reckoning, Alison is joined by the University of Alberta’s Eric Adams; the Université de Montréal’s Karine Millaire, who will be participating in the case on behalf of the International Commission of Jurists’ Canadian chapter; and Sahar Talebi of Lenczner Slaght in Toronto, who is representing the Canadian Council of Muslim Women.

Notes:

English Montreal School Board, et al. v. Attorney General of Quebec, et al.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

A lightning rod and a symbol of courage (from the archives)

podcasts@cba.org (Alison Crawford, Constance Backhouse) — Wed, 11 Mar 2026 04:00:00 +0000

Corinne Sparks of Nova Scotia was Canada’s first black woman judge. She was also the object of a racial bias complaint that reached the Supreme Court and stunted her career.

To mark the International Day of Women Judges, we’re replaying this July 2025 interview about it with Constance Backhouse, a legal historian at the University of Ottawa. Her latest book is Reckoning with Racism: Police, Judges, and the RDS Case.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Jordan turns ten

podcasts@cba.org (Alison Crawford, Tony Paisana) — Wed, 4 Mar 2026 05:00:00 +0000

In 2016, when the Supreme Court issued its landmark decision in R. v. Jordan, it called out a “culture of complacency” toward delays in Canadian court proceedings. The decision revolutionized Canadian criminal law, imposing strict timelines for bringing cases to trial: 18 months for provincial court, 30 months for superior court. If the timelines aren’t met, charges are stayed, and the accused can be released.

A decade later, some are pushing back, arguing Jordan is undermining trust in the justice system by causing guilty people to go free. And new federal legislation proposes to limit stays by having judges consider (undefined) alternative remedies, while taking into account factors such as impact on the victim.

One of the lawyers on the Jordan case was Tony Paisana, a partner at Vancouver’s Peck and Company and a former chair of the CBA’s Criminal Justice Section. In this episode, he recalls the history of the case, explores what’s happened since, and contemplates whether new legislative measures could make the culture of Canada’s criminal courts complacent once again.

Notes:

CBA submission about Bill C-16, the Protecting Victims Act

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

From law to order

podcasts@cba.org (Louis-Philippe Thériault, Alison Crawford, Alain Babineau) — Wed, 18 Feb 2026 05:00:00 +0000

Cops and lawyers are famously “separate but equally important groups” within the criminal justice system. Police officers often encounter the practice of law – lawyers, warrants, the witness stand – but what makes some of them join it? How do they manage the transition? And how does their policing background help or complicate their legal careers?

Louis-Philippe Thériault is a lawyer with McInnes Cooper in Moncton whose practice focuses on commercial and corporate law. He spent 12 years with the RCMP, working on patrol, general investigations, and financial crimes, and he’s a Major in the Canadian Army Reserves.

Alain Babineau spent 30 years in law enforcement, including with the Ontario Provincial Police, the Military Police, and the RCMP. Now, he's articling at the Ontario Bar Association. He has also done anti-discrimination work in Montreal, notably with the Office of the Commissioner for the Fight against Racism and Systemic Discrimination, the Centre for Research-Action on Race Relations, and the Red Coalition.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Motion to intervene

podcasts@cba.org (Alison Crawford, Demar Hewitt, Claire Boychuk) — Wed, 11 Feb 2026 05:00:00 +0000

On November 21, 2025, a Divisional Court judge ruled that the Black Legal Action Centre could intervene in a case before the Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario. The only problem? Twenty-four hours earlier, a different judge had made the opposite ruling.

How did that happen? How was the situation resolved? And what can we learn from it about different approaches to third-party intervention in Canadian courts?

Demar Hewitt is Executive Director and General Counsel of the Black Legal Action Centre (BLAC), a community legal clinic that is intervening at the Ontario Human Rights Tribunal in Dosu v. York University.

Claire Boychuk practices labour, employment, and public law at RavenLaw in Ottawa. She is the author of Intervening in Canadian Courts.

Verdicts & Voices is a legal current affairs podcast presented by the Canadian Bar Association. With her retinue of expert guests, host Alison Crawford keeps listeners up to date on news, views, and stories about the law and the justice system in Canada.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Who needs international law?

podcasts@cba.org (Joanna Harrington, Gib Van Ert, Alison Crawford) — Wed, 4 Feb 2026 05:00:00 +0000

It’s been a rocky twelve months for the idea that countries’ actions should be governed by rules. Does that mean international law is dead? Was it ever alive? Or is it more relevant than ever?

Join two of Canada’s leading experts for a conversation that runs the gamut from tariffs to the ICC to Greenland to Davos to Venezuela and Caribbean drug boats, even a callback to Huawei and Meng Wanzhou, as they make the case that international law is real and necessary, whether it’s followed or not.

Gib van Ert practices public law and civil litigation at Olthuis van Ert in Ottawa and Vancouver and is an expert on the application of international law in Canadian courts.

Joanna Harrington is Vice-Dean of the University of Alberta Law Faculty, a member of the Board of Directors of the Canadian Council on International Law, and a former member of the Canadian Human Rights Commission.

Links:

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Supreme Court preview with Nadia Effendi

podcasts@cba.org (Nadia Effendi, Alison Crawford) — Wed, 28 Jan 2026 05:00:00 +0000

Canada’s Supreme Court will have a lot on its docket in the coming months, and friend of the pod Nadia Effendi is back to talk us through it. Among the highlights:

Will the Court recognize a tort of family violence? (Kuldeep Kaur Ahluwalia v. Amrit Pal Singh Ahluwalia)
Are the findings of Parliament’s Ethics Commissioner subject to judicial review? (Democracy Watch v. Attorney General of Canada)
Can your dad be your lawyer? (Maxime Bergeron v. Assemblée parlementaire des étudiants du Québec inc., et al.)
Was a Bloc Québécois candidate who lost by one vote entitled to a do-over? (Nathalie Sinclair-Desgagné v. Directeur général des élections du Canada, Directeur du scrutin de la circonscription de Terrebonne, et al.)
Who exactly do lawyers in class actions represent? (Québec Major Junior Hockey League, now doing business as Quebec Maritimes Junior Hockey League Inc., et al. v. Lukas Walter, et al.)
What do tenants who back out of leases owe their landlords? (Aphria Inc. v. Canada Life Assurance Company, et al.)
Has Facebook failed to get users’ meaningful consent to disclose their personal information to third parties? (Facebook Inc. v. Privacy Commissioner of Canada)
How will the judges view Quebec’s secularism law and the province’s use of the notwithstanding clause? (English Montreal School Board, et al. v. Attorney General of Quebec, et al.)
Can courts rule on a law’s constitutionality even if the notwithstanding clause has been pre-emptively invoked? (Government of Saskatchewan as represented by the Minister of Education v. UR Pride Centre for Sexuality and Gender Diversity)

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Season’s Readings!

Wed, 17 Dec 2025 05:00:00 +0000

It was a long year, but you made it! Time to put on your fuzzy socks, curl up with some cocoa, and dig into a good book. We’ve assembled an elite Canadian legal brain trust… to give you reading recommendations for the holidays.

Want ideas for fiction? Non-fiction? True crime? Children’s lit? Narrative verse about a rescue at sea by a teenage girl in 19th-century Newfoundland? Between University of Ottawa law professor Adam Dodek, Toronto freelance lawyer Erin Cowling, Halifax family lawyer Shelley Hounsell, K.C., and Vancouver technology lawyer Jacob Kojfman, this episode has you covered.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Plain language (or, Eschewing unnecessary obfuscation in juridical discourse)

podcasts@cba.org (Karen Jacques, Paul Aterman, Alison Crawford) — Wed, 10 Dec 2025 05:00:00 +0000

Why can’t lawyers and judges just say what they mean? Legal documents – statutes, contracts, court decisions – are infamous for being dense and full of jargon (not to mention Latin). But a growing community of legal professionals is advocating plain language as a way to make the law more accessible, build trust in the justice system, and ensure that ordinary litigants can read a decision and, you know, understand whether they won or lost.

Karen Jacques is a Vice-Chair of Ontario’s Workplace Safety and Insurance Appeals Tribunal and the Canadian representative of Clarity International. Paul Aterman is a former Chair of the Social Security Tribunal of Canada and a board member of the Center for Plain Language.

Plain language resources:

Clarity International

Center for Plain Language

Plain International

Writing for Dollars, Writing to Please by Joseph Kimble

Mr. Mouthful children's books by Joseph Kimble

Simon Fraser University's Plain Language Certificate

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

“So fundamentally wrong”: Alexandre Forest and Stéphane Beaulac on Quebec’s constitution bill

podcasts@cba.org (Alexandre Forest, Stéphane Beaulac, Alison Crawford) — Wed, 3 Dec 2025 05:00:00 +0000

In the coming days, Quebec’s National Assembly will hear testimony about a proposed new provincial constitution, known as Bill 1. Alexandre Forest, President of the Canadian Bar Association’s Quebec Branch, will attend and argue that the legislation should be withdrawn in its entirety for reasons of substance and process. Meanwhile, Professor Stéphane Beaulac of the Université de Montréal is staying away to avoid legitimizing what he fears will be belated, token consultations; instead, he’s off to the United Nations, leading an effort by the Quebec chapter of the International Commission of Jurists Canada to challenge the bill on the global stage. First, though, they both joined Verdicts & Voices to explain their concerns and their approaches.

Notes:

CBA-Québec’s written brief (in French): https://abcqc.qc.ca/Notre-impact/Memoires/PL1-sur-la-Constitution-du-Quebec-L-ABC-Quebec-reagit

Bill 1, Québec Constitution Act, 2025 - National Assembly of Québec

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Expanding notwithstanding rebranding? (from the archives)

podcasts@cba.org (Marion Sandilands, Alison Crawford, Geoffrey Sigalet) — Wed, 26 Nov 2025 05:00:00 +0000

The taboo once associated with Section 33 (the notwithstanding clause) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms seems to be fading. In recent months, Alberta has used it to end a teachers’ strike and pass bills affecting transgender youth and adults. Saskatchewan invoked it in 2023 to prevent students from changing names or pronouns without parental consent. In Quebec, where the taboo was never as strong, legislation related to secularism and the French language were respectively exempted from Charter compliance in 2019 and 2022. And the federal Conservatives have called for the clause’s use to protect tough-on-crime measures such as mandatory minimum sentences.

Is this a troubling trend that suggests a need for new safeguards, as argued by the Canadian Bar Association in a 2024 letter to the federal Justice Minister? Or a legitimate rebalancing of power toward the people’s elected representatives?

Marion Sandilands is a partner at Conway Litigation in Ottawa, teaches part-time at the University of Ottawa, and served on the Canadian Bar Association’s Working Group on the Notwithstanding Clause. Geoffrey Sigalet teaches political science at the University of British Columbia’s Okanagan Campus and leads the UBC Research Group for Constitutional Law.

This episode first aired in January 2025.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Bye-bye to the bar exam? Jennifer Pink and Jordan Furlong

podcasts@cba.org (Jennifer Pink, Alison Crawford, Jordan Furlong) — Thu, 20 Nov 2025 05:00:00 +0000

Passing the bar exam has long been accepted as a natural step for new lawyers. But in Canada, that seems to be changing. The Practice Readiness Education Program (PREP) has already replaced bar exams in PEI, Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Nova Scotia, and Nunavut. British Columbia is set to make the switch soon, and the Law Society of Ontario is considering doing the same. What’s driving this transformation, and what does it mean for lawyers, aspiring lawyers, and their clients?

Jennifer Pink is the Interim Executive Director of the Nova Scotia Barristers’ Society. Jordan Furlong is an Ottawa-based legal sector analyst, author, and advisor with an online newsletter about how to build a better legal system.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

A chat with Margaret Satterthwaite, UN Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers

podcasts@cba.org (margaret satterthwaite, Alison Crawford) — Wed, 12 Nov 2025 05:00:00 +0000

NYU professor Margaret Satterthwaite has been monitoring threats to the rule of law on behalf of the UN Human Rights Council since 2022. She has seen autocrats around the world unleash assaults on their legal systems, but now she finds herself writing to the government of her own country about attacks on judges and lawyers in the United States. And she has plenty of advice for Canadians and people everywhere about how to identify and respond to early warning signs that the rule of law may be at risk.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Artificial intelligence, genuine bias: law professors Gideon Christian and Jake Effoduh

podcasts@cba.org (Gideon Christian, Jake Effoduh, Alison Crawford) — Wed, 5 Nov 2025 05:00:00 +0000

When the Government of Canada launched its AI Strategy Task Force on September 26, 2025, Dr. Gideon Christian noticed a significant omission: Black people. Three weeks later, he was among 60 signatories of an open letter warning that Canada’s Black community “bears some of the greatest harms from AI bias and automated decision-making systems,” and calling for the inclusion on the task force of Black Canadians with relevant expertise.

In this episode, Dr. Christian and another signatory, Jake Effoduh, describe how AI systems can exacerbate systemic biases, and how to mitigate the risks.

Dr. Gideon Christian is University Excellence Research Chair (AI and Law) at the University of Calgary. Jake Effoduh is an Assistant Professor at Toronto Metropolitan University’s Lincoln Alexander School of Law.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Do we need a bail bill? Melanie Webb and Daniel Lerner react to Bill C-14

podcasts@cba.org (Melanie Webb, Daniel Lerner, Alison Crawford) — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 04:00:00 +0000

On October 23, 2025, Canadian Justice Minister Sean Fraser introduced Bill C-14, the Bail and Sentencing Reform Act. The legislation notably aims to make bail “stricter and harder to get” and impose harsher sentences on repeat offenders. While some, like the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police and the Retail Council of Canada, have welcomed the new bill, the Canadian Bar Association has argued that our bail system needs more capacity, streamlined procedures, and better social services – not new legislation.

Melanie Webb chairs the CBA’s Criminal Law Section; she’s a Toronto-based criminal trial and appellate lawyer at Webb Barristers. Daniel Lerner is a former Crown Attorney who now practices criminal law at Lerner Law in Toronto.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

The sisterhood of “gender sellouts” in criminal law: Anita Szigeti, Hamna Anwar and Kyla Lee

podcasts@cba.org (Anita Szigeti, Hamna Anwar, Kyla Lee, Alison Crawford) — Wed, 15 Oct 2025 14:56:48 +0000

This episode is a panel discussion with Anita Szigeti of Anita Szigeti Advocates, a Toronto firm that focuses on mental health and the law; Hamna Anwar, a criminal lawyer at Lindsay Law in Toronto; and Kyla Lee, who specializes in impaired driving cases at Acumen Law in Vancouver. They are all members of Women in Canadian Criminal Defence (WiCCD), an organization Szigeti founded to support and advocate for female and gender-non-conforming criminal defence lawyers.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Supreme Court fall preview with Nadia Effendi

podcasts@cba.org (Alison Crawford, Nadia Effendi) — Wed, 8 Oct 2025 13:59:41 +0000

In this episode, Toronto lawyer and Supreme Court expert Nadia Effendi highlights some of the cases and issues the justices will be dealing with for the rest of 2025. These include matters involving:

Disclosure of police misconduct records (Chief of the Edmonton Police Service v. John McKee, et al.)
Medical patents (Pharmascience Inc. v. Janssen Inc., et al.)
A disappeared man believed to be alive by his insurance company (Deborah Carol Riddle v. ivari)
A dispute between a former Alberta MLA and the province’s Chief Electoral Officer (Glen L. Resler v. Joseph V. Anglin)
The bilingualism of the New Brunswick Lieutenant Governor (Société de l'Acadie du Nouveau-Brunswick v. The Right Honourable Prime Minister of Canada)
Sentencing considerations when an Indigenous perpetrator commits violence against an Indigenous woman (His Majesty the King v. Harry Arthur Cope)
Overlapping Indigenous territorial claims (Nisga’a Nation v. Malii, aka Glen Williams, et al.; Skii km Lax Ha, aka Darlene Simpson, et al. v. Malii, aka Glen Williams, et al.)

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Justice by the numbers: Hon. David Brown on delays, data, and thumping the drum

podcasts@cba.org (David Brown, Alison Crawford) — Wed, 1 Oct 2025 04:00:00 +0000

In this episode, Hon. David Brown draws on his 18 years of experience as an Ontario Superior Court and Court of Appeal judge to explain why justice in Canada can move so slowly. He argues a big part of the problem is a lack of transparency about how long cases actually take and where the holdups are. And he proposes “some cracking of eggs and bumping of heads” – for instance, can financial incentives be used to extract more data and speed things up?

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

“One day, she just had enough”: Karin Wells on the women behind landmark cases in Canadian law

podcasts@cba.org (Karin Wells, Alison Crawford) — Wed, 24 Sep 2025 04:00:00 +0000

In this episode, writer and documentarian Karin Wells discusses her new book, Women Who Woke up the Law: Inside the Cases that Changed Women’s Rights in Canada. The conversation notably focuses on the cases of Jane Hurshman, who killed her abusive husband in 1982, and R v Ewanchuk, a landmark case about consent that featured a testy exchange between Justice John McClung of the Alberta Court of Appeal and Supreme Court Justice Claire L’Heureux-Dubé.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Verdicts and Voices: David Frum on the rule of law, asylum systems, and why Canada is global democracy’s “least dirty shirt”

podcasts@cba.org (David Frum, Alison Crawford) — Thu, 21 Aug 2025 13:00:00 +0000

Modern Law: Verdicts and Voices is a monthly podcast in which we unpack key legal stories and celebrate the 150th anniversary of the Supreme Court of Canada. This special series delves into legal news, landmark cases and features expert guests who provide unique insights into Canada’s justice system.

In this episode, Canadian-American political analyst David Frum joins host Alison Crawford before a live audience in Toronto at an event jointly presented by the Canadian and American Bar Associations as part of the American Bar Association’s annual meeting. They discuss public attitudes toward democracy and the rule of law, the implications of the Safe Third Country Agreement governing migration between Canada and the U.S., and the role of lawyers in the prevention of democratic decline.

If you have any comments on this episode, or if you would like to send us any story ideas, you can write to us at podcasts@cba.org.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Verdicts and Voices: Canada’s first Black female judge and the RDS Case, lawyers getting laughs, and the Safe Third Country Agreement.

Thu, 31 Jul 2025 14:08:13 +0000

In this episode, host Alison Crawford welcomes professor and historian Constance Backhouse to discuss her 2022 book Reckoning with Racism: Police, Judges, and the RDS Case, about the first time the Supreme Court of Canada considered a complaint of judicial racial bias. Ironically, the judge in question was Corrine Sparks, the country’s first Black female judge. (18:30 to 34:44)

For a look at the lighter side of legal practice, we talk with two lawyers, Michael Currie and Nadia Halum, who litigate by day and self-deprecate by night, performing stand-up comedy in their spare time, and we learn about the Fantasy Courts league run by lawyer Thomas Slade that turns guessing how the Supreme Court will rule on decisions into a game. (34:44 to 57:57)

We also take a look at the Safe Third Country Agreement. Our guests are immigration lawyer Lorne Waldman and Anwen Hughes, Senior Director of Legal Strategy, Refugee Programs at Human Rights First in NYC. (01:42 to 18:30)

If you have any comments on this episode, or if you would like to send us any story ideas, you can write to us at podcasts@cba.org.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Verdicts and Voices: Bill C-2, Indigenous legal practices, and Dagenais v CBC

podcasts@cba.org (Canadian Bar Association) — Fri, 27 Jun 2025 13:00:00 +0000

In this episode, host Alison Crawford welcomes David Parry, Chair of the CBA Criminal Justice Section, and Deanna Okun-Nachoff, partner at McCrea Immigration Law in Vancouver, to discuss the proposed new Strong Borders Act, or Bill C-2. (01:19 to 14:29)

As June is Indigenous History Month, we hear from Chief Justice Leonard Marchand of the Court of Appeal of British Columbia and of the Court of Appeal of Yukon and Chief Justice Glenn Joyal of the Manitoba Court of King's Bench. They share their experiences incorporating Indigenous cultural and legal practices into proceedings. (14:33 to 45:21)

We also take a look at the landmark Supreme Court of Canada decision on publication bans, Dagenais v CBC. Our guest is retired senior counsel for the CBC, Daniel Henry. (45:26 to 1:04:36)

If you have any comments on this episode, or if you would like to send us any story ideas, you can write to us at podcasts@cba.org.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Verdicts and Voices: A troubling trademark scam, AI hallucination cases and the 1998 Secession Reference

Thu, 29 May 2025 13:00:00 +0000

In this episode, host Alison Crawford talks about a troubling but increasingly common scam, where people impersonate trademark lawyers. Our guests are Gavin Manning, an experienced intellectual property lawyer at Oyen Wiggs, and Brent J. Arnold, a partner at Gowling WLG who specializes in privacy and cybersecurity law. (01:32 to 15:42)

We welcome Amy Salyzyn, an author, legal ethicist and associate professor at the University of Ottawa’s Faculty of Law, to talk about a recent case of AI hallucinations in documents that were submitted at the Ontario Superior Court. (15:46 to 32:24)

We also take a look at a one of the most consequential cases in the history of the Supreme Court of Canada: the 1998 Secession Reference. Our guest is Warren Newman, who served as co-counsel on the Secession Reference. (32:28 to 53:31)

If you have any comments on this episode, or if you would like to send us any story ideas, you can write to us at podcasts@cba.org.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Verdicts and Voices: The Ontario Civil Rules Review, crossing the US-Canada border, and landmark immigration cases

Thu, 1 May 2025 13:00:00 +0000

In this episode, host Alison Crawford welcomes the Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Justice of Ontario Geoffrey Morawetz for a conversation about the Civil Rules Review and its bold Phase 2 Report. (01:58 to 25:34)

As far fewer Canadians are now traveling to the United States, we talk about the current realities of crossing the US-Canada border with Gabriela Ramo, former Chair of the CBA Immigration Law Section and Partner at EY Law. (25:42 to 38:19)

We also take a look at landmark immigration cases at the Supreme Court of Canada with one of Canada’s most respected and influential immigration, refugee and human rights lawyers, Barbara Jackman. (38:22 to 54:08)

If you have any comments on this episode, or if you would like to send us any story ideas, you can write to us at podcasts@cba.org.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Verdicts and Voices: The 2025 Federal Election

Thu, 24 Apr 2025 13:00:00 +0000

Modern Law: Verdicts and Voices is a monthly podcast in which we delve into legal news, landmark cases and feature expert guests who provide unique insights into Canada’s justice system.

In this special election edition, host Alison Crawford welcomes two of Canada’s top criminal lawyers Matthew Gourlay, from Henein Hutchison Robitaille LLP, and Daniel Lerner from Lerner Law, as we take a closer look at the federal parties’ criminal justice platforms. (01:35 to 24:44)

Anne McLellan and Peter MacKay, who both served as Ministers of Justice and Attorneys General, have a lively discussion on major legal issues that have been missing from the political debate during the campaign. (24:47 to 46:20)

We also hear from CBA President Lynne Vicars, who talks about the Canadian Bar Association’s priorities for this federal election campaign. (46:25 to 52:50)

If you have any comments on this episode, or if you would like to send us any story ideas, you can write to us at podcasts@cba.org.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Verdicts and Voices: The international rule of law, tax reform, and access to abortion

Thu, 27 Mar 2025 13:00:00 +0000

In this episode, host Alison Crawford welcomes two international law experts, Gib Van Ert from Olthuis van Ert and Miriam Cohen from Université de Montréal, to evaluate the current state of the international rule of law.

As its tax season in Canada, we talk tax reform with Heather Evans, CEO of the Canadian Tax Foundation. A timely conversation as the governor-general has called a federal election.

We also take a look at some landmark Supreme Court decisions on access to abortion with University of Calgary law professor Jennifer Koshan.

If you have any comments on this episode, or if you would like to send us any story ideas, you can write to us at podcasts@cba.org.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Verdicts and Voices: The use of AI at the Federal Court, the tort of family violence, and R v. Drybones

Thu, 27 Feb 2025 14:00:00 +0000

In this episode, host Alison Crawford welcomes Federal Court of Canada Chief Justice Paul Crampton, who explains how the court is swamped with an unprecedented number of cases and how virtually no one is declaring the use of AI in their filings.

We talk with two family law experts, Shelley Hounsell, K.C. from Pressé Mason and Vanessa Lam from Lam Family Law, about the recent Supreme Court hearing into the proposed new tort of family violence.

We also dive into R v. Drybones, the first case the Supreme Court decided under the 1960 Canadian Bill of Rights. Alison Crawford take a look at this landmark 1969 case and its impacts with Naiomi Metallic, a Mi'kmaq lawyer who teaches law at Dalhousie University, and Brian Purdy, the lawyer who represented the appellant, Michael Drybones.

If you have any comments on this episode, or if you would like to send us any story ideas, you can write to us at podcasts@cba.org.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Verdicts and Voices: The notwithstanding clause, Gold Seal v. Alberta and a conversation with Chief Justice Richard Wagner

Thu, 30 Jan 2025 14:00:00 +0000

In this episode, host Alison Crawford welcomes Marion Sandilands, a practicing lawyer, part-time law professor and member of the CBA’s Working Group on the Notwithstanding Clause, and Geoffrey Sigalet, director of the UBC Centre for Constitutional Law and Legal Studies, for a lively discussion on the notwithstanding clause and how provincial premiers are using it.

In an exclusive interview with Supreme Court Chief Justice Richard Wagner about the court’s milestone 150th anniversary, he explains how the court has started to explore the possibility of offering judicial mediation to expand access to justice.

With Ryan Manucha, research fellow at the C.D. Howe Institute and expert on interprovincial trade in Canada, we take a good look at Gold Seal Ltd. v. Alberta, a prohibition-era judgment that, even 100 years later, continues to affect interprovincial trade.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 37: Supreme court briefing

podcasts@cba.org (Yves Faguy, Nadia Effendi) — Thu, 14 Mar 2024 13:00:00 +0000

Nadia Effendi joins us again to review the output of the Supreme Court last year, shares her thoughts regarding Chief Justice Richard Wagner’s recent comments about the high number of judicial vacancies as well as comments about restricting interveners to virtual appearance. We discuss some recent judgments rendered (Commission scolaire francophone des Territoires du Nord-Ouest, Ontario (Attorney General) v. Ontario (Information and Privacy Commissioner) and the Reference re An Act respecting First Nations). She also weighs in on cases to watch that were recently granted leave, including AGO v. Working Families Coalition, a rare section 3 Charter case, and Sanis Health, which deals with the BC law that allows recovery of health-care costs from opioid providers.

Effendi is a partner at BLG, based out of Toronto and Ottawa, a member of the CBA’s Federal Courts Bench and Bar Liaison Committee. She is also the chair of BLG's Appellate Advocacy and Public Law Group. Before joining the firm, she served as a law clerk at the Supreme Court of Canada to then-Justice Michel Bastarache.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 36: Dr. Anton Korynevych on the effort to create a Special Tribunal on Crimes of Aggression Against Ukraine.

podcasts@cba.org (Yves Faguy, Dr. Anton Korynevych) — Thu, 22 Feb 2024 14:00:00 +0000

As Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine hits the two-year mark – 10 years since the invasion of the Crimean Peninsula – the situation is dire. The ground battle had become mostly deadlocked until Ukrainians retreated earlier this month from the town of Avdiivka. Support from Western democracies has been skittish of late. Republicans in the U.S. Congress have stalled sixty billion U.S. dollars' worth of defense aid for Ukraine. Still, there is some hope for the resistance: the unblocking of $ 54 billion in European Union aid; Sweden has announced it will give $682 million worth of military equipment. Canada is promising to donate $70 million worth of drones from already announced spending dating back to the summer.

The word we hear a lot these days is that the conflict in Ukraine is reaching an inflection point of sorts, though shifts in momentum are notoriously hard to read in times of war.

What hasn’t changed in all of this is that the invasion of Ukraine remains a war of aggression – in violation of the United Nations Charter and customary international law. It’s also an international crime under the Rome Statute. Over a fifth of Ukrainian territory is currently under occupation by Russian troops.

Arguably, it should be possible to prosecute a war of aggression committed by Russia's leadership before the ICC, as it should not be difficult to prove. 

But that isn’t the case. Although the ICC can charge individuals for war crimes, it doesn’t have jurisdiction over Russian crimes of aggression. Our guest today will discuss why that is and what a core group of members of the international community and Ukraine are trying to do about it.

Dr. Anton Korynevych is the Ambassador at Large of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine. He’s a lawyer specializing in public international law, international humanitarian, and international criminal law. He’s the Agent of Ukraine before the International Court of Justice, where he has been arguing the case that Russian President Vladimir Putin abused the U.N. Genocide Convention by using an alleged genocide in eastern Ukraine as a pretext for invasion). 

Dr. Korynevych is also in charge of gathering international support to establish a special tribune that could try Putin and his inner circle for the alleged crime of aggression — which no international court, including the International Criminal Court, has jurisdiction to do right now.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 35: Justice Minister Arif Virani on criminal law reform, expanding MAiD and the state of our courts

podcasts@cba.org (Arif Virani, Yves Faguy) — Thu, 15 Feb 2024 14:00:00 +0000

Our guest today is Arif Virani, the Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada who has kindly agreed to share with our listeners the status of several pressing issues. We discuss criminal justice reform, the recent pause on the expansion of medical assistance in dying and plans to introduce online harms legislation. He also addresses judicial vacancies and the increasing resource challenges that our courts are facing.

Arif Virani was first elected as the Member of Parliament for Parkdale—High Park in 2015. Throughout his career, he has served in various roles, including as Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of International Trade, Export Promotion, Small Business and Economic Development, as Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada, as Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Democratic Institutions, as Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Canadian Heritage (Multiculturalism), and as Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship.

Before entering politics, he practised law for 15 years, starting his career as a civil litigator at Fasken Martineau and subsequently working as a constitutional litigator at the Ministry of the Attorney General of Ontario, advocating for human rights and access to justice.

Minister Virani previously worked as an analyst with the Canadian Human Rights Commission in Ottawa, an investigator at the Commission des droits de la personne et des droits de la jeunesse in Montréal, and an Assistant Trial Attorney prosecuting genocide at the United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. 

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 34: Amanda Chaboryk and Alex Hawley on how to use AI in a legal practice

podcasts@cba.org (Amanda Chaboryk, Alex Hawley, Yves Faguy) — Thu, 25 Jan 2024 14:00:00 +0000

In the field of law, there are several crucial areas where generative AI demonstrates considerable promise – namely in the efficiencies it can create in contract generation, document review, legal research, and predictive analytics. So it’s expected to become an indispensable productivity tool across the legal profession The question then arises: how can this technology be effectively integrated into a legal practice or department?

Amanda Chaboryk joins us for the second time on the show. She’s the Head of Legal Data and Systems within Operate at PricewaterhouseCoopers in London. Having started her career in legal project management, she now focuses on the operational delivery of complex managed legal programs and helps clients navigate emerging technologies. We're also joined by Alex Hawley, an ESG regulatory solicitor for PwC in London. Having started her career as a commercial litigator, she now collaborates with clients new ESG developments and helps them incorporate emerging technologies, including Generative AI.

Last year, PwC announced an exclusive partnership with the legal startup Harvey, a platform built on AI technology from OpenAI.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 33: Woodrow Hartzog on the dangers of regulating AI with half measures

podcasts@cba.org (Woodrow Hartzog, Yves Faguy) — Thu, 14 Dec 2023 14:00:00 +0000

We've been talking a lot about AI on the podcast and on CBA National, and one of the issues that keeps coming up is the challenge for a country like Canada in selecting the right approach to regulating AI risk.

It's not as if there's a single model out there. The EU is trying to set the gold standard for the world, much as it did with its GDPR privacy regulation. The US is contemplating various bills, but for the most part, it is applying existing laws and regulations through regulators like the Federal Trade Commission, the Consumer Financial Protection Board, and the US Department of Justice. These agencies have been instructed by the White House's executive order in October to follow eight guiding principles for AI safety. Meanwhile, China's approach is to ensure that all information generated by AI aligns with the state's interest. All are key players to watch as we try to understand where the future of global AI governance is headed. And today, we are going to take a closer look at a perspective coming from the US.

International privacy expert Woodrow Hartzog discusses the state of AI regulation in the U.S., his thoughts on the global dynamics at play, and his concerns surrounding the normalization of surveillance and our reliance on half-measures to save us from the potential harms of AI.

Hartzog is a professor at the Boston University School of Law, a faculty associate at the Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society at Harvard Law School, and an affiliate scholar at the Center for Internet and Society at Stanford Law School, a non-resident fellow at the Cordell Institute at Washington University, where he's currently working on a project about AI half-measures in collaboration with Neil Richards.

Hartzog recently testified before the US Senate Committee on the Judiciary on the importance of substantive legal protections when it comes to AI. He’s been arguing that current AI policies and oversights are far too weak.”

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 32: Dr. Carys Craig on generative AI and the dangers of the copyright trap

podcasts@cba.org (Dr. Carys Craig, Yves Faguy) — Thu, 7 Dec 2023 14:00:00 +0000

One of the significant controversies about AI is the impact of generative software on the use and production of cultural works. The fast-growing popularity of these tools raises big questions about the ethics of AI-generated works and whether they amount to a technologically advanced form of plagiarism. Lawsuits have been popping up around the world as artists, as well as corporate interests, claiming infringement of their intellectual property rights. (A U.S. federal court ruled back in August that art created by AI without any human input cannot be copyrighted under U.S. law).

The question is whether copyright should be the appropriate regulatory tool to determine these questions.

In fact, as listeners will hear from our guest today, the novelty of generative AI raises many questions about the socio-economic dynamics of cultural production – and whether it might not be time to re-examine the role of copyright law in encouraging and incentivizing creativity.

Dr. Craig is Osgoode Hall Law School’s Associate Dean of Research, and she’s recently stepped into the role of Director of IP Osgoode, which is the school’s Intellectual Property Law & Technology program.  She joined the faculty at Osgoode Hall Law School in 2002 and is the is the author of Copyright, Communication & Culture: Towards a Relational Theory of Copyright Law (2011), among other writings. In 2018, she held a MacCormick Research Fellowship at the University of Edinburgh. She teaches JD, graduate and professional courses in the areas of intellectual property, copyright and trademark law, and legal theory.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 31: Supreme court briefing

podcasts@cba.org (Nadia Effendi, Yves Faguy) — Mon, 30 Oct 2023 19:30:00 +0000

Mary Moreau of Alberta has been tapped to fill the vacancy left by Russel Brown on the Supreme Court. Nadia Effendi gives us some background on Justice Moreau and what her nomination means. Effendi also discusses the Supreme Court’s latest rulings in the IAA reference, Mason v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), La Presse inc. v. Quebec, as well as upcoming hearings in AGC v. Power, Yatar v. TD Insurance, and Attorney General of Ontario, et al. v. Mike Restoule. She also weighs in on the SCC’s decision to produce plain-language summaries of oral decisions.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 30: Benjamin Perrin puts Canada’s criminal justice system on trial

podcasts@cba.org (Benjamin Perrin, Yves Faguy) — Thu, 26 Oct 2023 13:00:00 +0000

If you think that description of our criminal justice system is a bit harsh, well, you should read the latest book by our guest today.

Benjamin Perrin is a law professor at the UBC's Allard School of Law. He has served in the Prime Minister of Canada's Office as in-house legal counsel and lead policy advisor on criminal justice and public safety.

He's also the national best-selling author of Overdose: Heartbreak and Hope in Canada's Opioid Crisis, and before that Invisible Chains: Canada's Underground World of Human Trafficking.

His latest work is Indictment: The Criminal Justice System on Trial – a deep dive into a system that, in theory at least, is supposed to help keep Canadians safe while supporting victims of crime. 

We talk a lot about victims in this conversation – and offenders, too – and their struggles. Please keep an open mind as you hear this conversation. And a content warning: There is sensitive material covered in this episode that touches upon substance abuse, police brutality and a lot of discussion around trauma.

Benjamin Perrin - Criminal Justice, Overdose

Podcast — Myrna McCallum

https://indictment.simplecast.com/

https://johnhoward.on.ca/research-topic/incarceration-health/

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 29: Kristen van de Biezenbos on Canada’s complicated path to decarbonization

podcasts@cba.org (Kristen van de Biezenbos, Yves Faguy) — Thu, 5 Oct 2023 13:00:00 +0000

Kristen van de Biezenbos, a law professor at California Western, teaches environmental, energy and climate change law and has written extensively about energy justice and electricity regulation. Her research has also brought her to Canada – she taught for several years at the University of Calgary, where she focused on Canada’s energy transmission policy. She continues to serve as an expert on the mitigation panel for the Canadian Climate Institute, which advises the federal government on climate change.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 28: Jordan Furlong discusses what generative AI means for the profession

podcasts@cba.org (Yves Faguy, Jordan Furlong) — Thu, 7 Sep 2023 13:00:00 +0000

Jordan Furlong is an analyst and forecaster for the legal sector, focused on the most important trends shaping the provision of legal services and the formation and regulation of lawyers. He’s the author of a weekly Substack on a range of critical topics for the legal profession, and of the book Law Is a Buyer’s Market: Building a Client-First Law Firm.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 27: Supreme court briefing

podcasts@cba.org (Yves Faguy, Nadia Effendi) — Fri, 30 Jun 2023 13:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy catches up again with Nadia Effendi of BLG to brief us on the latest at the Supreme Court of Canada. Effendi is a partner at BLG, based out of Toronto and Ottawa, a member of the CBA’s Federal Courts Bench and Bar Liaison Committee. She is also the chair of BLG's Appellate Advocacy and Public Law Group. Before joining the firm, she served as a law clerk at the Supreme Court of Canada to then-Justice Michel Bastarache.

Effendi discusses the Supreme Court’s latest rulings in Canadian Council for Refugees, Deans Knight, and Hansman v Neufeld, as well as recently granted leaves to appeal in AGC v. Power, Yatar v. TD Insurance, York Region District School Board v. Elementary Teachers’ Federation of Ontario, and City of St. John’s v. Lynch. She also weighs in on who might fill the top court’s seat, left vacant following the departure of Justice Russell Brown, and the legacy of the late former Justice Louis LeBel. 

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 26: Defamation law in the age of (mis)information

podcasts@cba.org (Yves Faguy, Justin Safayeni) — Thu, 29 Jun 2023 13:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy speaks with Justin Safayeni, partner at Stockwoods LLP, about defamation law, anti-SLAPP legislation, and their effects on freedom of expression.

In today's digital age, information has become a powerful tool, capable of spreading rapidly and influencing public opinion like never before. However, this very same power can also be weaponized. Individuals or groups can engage in targeted campaigns of misinformation, and use online platforms to amplify false narratives and defamatory content. And now there's the rapid growth of artificial intelligence and deepfake technology, which presents new challenges in defamation.

Now defamation laws are designed to discourage false claims and, in some circumstances, have proven helpful in combatting disinformation. But taking legal action is lengthy and costly, and it's also possible to use defamation law to shut down speech, and so we must always strike a balance between protecting individuals' reputations and safeguarding freedom of expression. But it's a balance that requires ongoing scrutiny and adaptation to keep pace with the rapidly evolving digital landscape.

To discuss the topic with is, we asked Justin Safayeni to come in as a guest. He is a partner at Stockwoods LLP, and his expertise lies in administrative and public law, media/defamation law, and commercial litigation and appeals.

Justin has a particular interest in "anti-SLAPP" proceedings, the legal mechanism designed to protect individuals from strategic lawsuits against public participation. He's written and lectured extensively on the topic. He has also represented interveners before the Supreme Court, offering his expertise on the leading cases in this area.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 25: Lisa Middlemiss on Canada’s ambitious immigration target

podcasts@cba.org (Canadian Bar Association) — Thu, 18 May 2023 13:00:00 +0000

In 2022, Canada experienced a major milestone as it welcomed over 437,000 immigrants, leading to annual population growth of over one million for the first time in history. The country has set an even more ambitious target of welcoming 500,000 new immigrants yearly by 2025. While there are compelling arguments in favor of accelerating immigration, such as addressing labor shortages and countering an aging population, implementing the plan is no easy feat.

One significant hurdle lies in the fact that Quebec sets its own immigration targets, which happen to be significantly lower than those set by the federal government in Ottawa.

Moreover, the episode explores the emerging questions surrounding the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in processing the vast number of immigration applicants. As the applicant pool expands, the effectiveness and fairness of AI systems come under scrutiny, raising important ethical considerations.

We also examine the challenges involved in the management of refugees and asylum claims.

Lisa Middlemiss is a lawyer with Gomberg Dalfen in Montreal. She works on immigration-related matters with an emphasis on temporary residence, Labour Market Impact Assessments and permanent residence issues, such as spousal sponsorships, She also advises on the Quebec Skilled Worker and Express Entry programs.

She is also the National Chair of CBA Immigration Law Section, and will open the upcoming CBA Immigration Law Conference, to be held in Ottawa from June1 to 3rd.

To contact us (please include in the subject line "Podcast"): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Épisode 24: La prise de décision automatisée en droit administratif

podcasts@cba.org (Yves Faguy, Mélanie Raymond) — Thu, 4 May 2023 13:00:00 +0000

L'intelligence artificielle représente une avancée technologique majeure et transformationnelle. Alors que les voix s’élèvent pour réclamer une pause sur l’utilisation de l’IA, le temps de reprendre le contrôle de « ces boîtes noires imprévisibles », les tribunaux administratifs sont en quelque sorte les cobayes de leur emploi dans notre système de justice, au sens large. Mais cela soulève de nombreuses questions. Comment éviter de réduire les décideurs humains à de simples exécutants dans les décisions prises par des algorithmes ? Comment assurer une approche humaine pour l’avenir ? Comment aligner les outils de l’IA à nos valeurs de société ?

Nous abordons ces questions avec notre invitée, Mélanie Raymond, qui est juge administrative depuis une quinzaine d'années, au sein de deux des plus grands tribunaux administratifs du Canada — le Tribunal administratif du travail et la Commission de l'immigration et du statut de réfugié. Elle s’intéresse depuis quelques années aux enjeux entourant l’IA et la justice, et d’ailleurs elle en parlera à titre de conférencière le 8 juin dans le cadre de la Semaine nationale du droit administratif, un événement conjoint du Conseil des tribunaux administratifs canadiens et l’Institut canadien d’administration de la justice.

Vous avez des questions ou souhaitez obtenir plus d’information ? N'hésitez pas à nous contacter à : podcasts@cba.org avec le sujet « Balado ».

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 23: Guy Pratte and the Art of Persuasion

podcasts@cba.org (Guy Pratte, Yves Faguy) — Thu, 20 Apr 2023 10:00:00 +0000

To most legal professionals, Guy Pratte doesn't need an introduction. He is a senior counsel at Borden Ladner Gervais LLP, a highly sought-after lawyer with vast experience in commercial litigation, class actions, administrative and constitutional law, and public inquiries.

He's a veteran of the Supreme Court of Canada, and courts of appeal in Ontario and Quebec, and a fellow of the American College of Trial Lawyers. He is a recipient of the OBA award of Excellence in Civil Litigation and is President of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Legal Studies.

Last year he was named to the Order of Canada, in recognition of his contributions as a lawyer, notably to pro bono work. This year, he was appointed Chairperson of the National Arts Centre's Board of Trustees for a four-year term.

His latest distinguished title is podcast host — of the series "The Art of Persuasion," available on BLG’s website and the usual platforms, in which Guy Pratte speaks with lawyers, politicians, actors, musicians, fashion designers, and doctors about how to persuade people in their trades.

https://www.blg.com/en/insights/perspectives/blg-podcast#art-of-persuasion

To contact us (please include in the subject line "Podcast"): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 22: The Charter’s strange history with gender equality rights

podcasts@cba.org (Kerri Froc, Yves Faguy) — Wed, 5 Apr 2023 13:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy speaks with UNB associate law professor Kerri A. Froc about gender equality rights, the notwithstanding clause and why the Supreme Court’s composition matters.

Kerri is an associate professor at UNB Law, as well as a Trudeau and Vanier Scholar. She has taught courses at Carleton University, Queen’s University and University of Ottawa on feminist legal theory and various aspects of public law, among others.

Before completing her doctorate, she spent 18 years as a lawyer, as a civil litigator in Regina, a staff lawyer for the Women’s Legal Education and Action Fund (LEAF), and a lawyer in law reform at the Canadian Bar Association. 

She is also the co-editor, with Howie Kisclowicz and Richard Moon, of an upcoming collection of writings, “The Surprising Constitution,” being published by UBC press.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 21: Supreme court briefing

podcasts@cba.org (Nadia Effendi, Yves Faguy) — Thu, 23 Feb 2023 14:00:00 +0000

In this episode, Yves Faguy catches up again with Nadia Effendi of BLG to brief us on the latest at the Supreme Court of Canada. Effendi is a partner at BLG, based out of Toronto and Ottawa, a member of the CBA’s Federal Courts Bench and Bar Liaison Committee. She is also the chair of BLG's Appellate Advocacy and Public Law Group. Before joining the firm, she served as a law clerk at the Supreme Court of Canada to then-Justice Michel Bastarache.

Effendi discusses the Supreme Court’s latest rulings in McGregor, Hill and Canada (Transportation Safety Board) v CarrollByrne, recently granted leaves to appeal in Jim Shot Both Sides, Franck Yvan Tayo Tompouba v. K and Earthco Soil Mixtures Inc. v. Pine Valley Enterprises Inc. She also weighs in on the decision to grant leave in five military justice cases. Also discussed are upcoming decisions and rulings, as well as the court’s new electronic filing system and the recent absence of Justice Russell Brown and what it means for the court’s work. 

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 20: It’ll take more than hard drug decriminalization to beat the overdose crisis

podcasts@cba.org (Robert Laurie, Yves Faguy) — Thu, 16 Feb 2023 14:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy speaks with Vancouver lawyer and advocate Rob Laurie about B.C.'s decriminalization pilot and what governments need to do for it to succeed.

We're still in the early stages of a ground-breaking change in drug policy in British Columbia. For the next three years, adults will not be charged for possessing up to 2.5 grams of certain hard drugs for personal use. Those include opioids (fentanyl), cocaine, MDMA, and methamphetamine.

Some people call it a big experiment, in some cases pejoratively. But the War on Drugs was also a grand experiment that was neither based on health science and compassion nor, as some are now arguing in the courts, on human rights considerations.

B.C.'s decriminalization pilot required buy-in from the federal government. In May 2022, the federal health minister granted B.C. an exemption under section 56(1) of the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (CDSA). 

The sale and trafficking of drugs are still illegal in B.C. and will be subject to criminal prosecution. But the goal of the pilot is to reduce the stigma and harm caused by drug use. Less certain is whether it will succeed in providing those drug users access to the resources they need to overcome addiction. 

Rob Laurie is with us to walk us through the challenges ahead for governments in making the pilot succeed. He's an international lawyer, qualified in England, and called to the British Columbia Bar. He has spent the better part of his career working to reform drug laws – specifically to improve medical patient access to cannabis, psychedelics, and sacred plant medicines so that doctors can provide treatments for anxiety, depression, addiction, and PTSD. He founded his practice, AD LUCEM LAW CORPORATION, in Vancouver in 2013. It focuses on corporate, commercial, and administrative law, as well as licensing, regulatory, and constitutional charter issues concerning medical access to cannabis and psychedelics.

To contact us (please include in the subject line "Podcast"): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Épisode 19: Comment la loi peut contrer les risques de l’intelligence artificielle

podcasts@cba.org (Céline Castets-Renard, Yves Faguy) — Tue, 14 Feb 2023 14:00:00 +0000

Notre invitée est Céline Castets-Renard, chercheure régulière au Centre de recherche en droit, technologie et société de l’Université d’Ottawa, et professeure titulaire à la Section de droit civil de la Faculté de droit. Elle est titulaire de la  Chaire de recherche de l’Université sur l’intelligence artificielle responsable à l'échelle mondiale.

Au cours de cette émission, nous abordons les derniers avancements de l’IA – notamment le générateur de texte, ChatGPT 3, récemment livré au monde par la société OpenAI -- et des enjeux éthiques et juridiques quant à l’élaboration de lois et de la règlementation qui régiraient l’IA.

Vous avez des questions ou souhaitez obtenir plus d’information ? N'hésitez pas à nous contacter à : podcasts@cba.org avec le sujet « Balado ».

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 18: A personal story about alcohol and substance abuse in the legal profession

podcasts@cba.org (Jason Ward, Yves Faguy) — Thu, 12 Jan 2023 14:00:00 +0000

In October, CBA National reported on findings from a recent national study, spearheaded by the Federation of Law Societies of Canada and the CBA, that rang the alarm on the wellness of legal professionals. The study shone a light on the heavy toll that daily work takes on legal professionals. The research revealed significantly higher levels of psychological distress among legal professionals than experienced by the Canadian working population (57.5% compared to 40%) and similarly higher levels of anxiety (35.7%, compared to 13%). It also showed that alcohol and drug use among legal professionals has reached worrying levels. According to the study, the proportion of men with risky drinking behaviour increases from roughly 27% to 34 % between five and ten years of practice. For women, the figures run from 18% to 24% in the first five years.

But let's not forget that behind the number are real people. It's why I'm so appreciative to have had the opportunity to speak with Jason Ward – a well-known and highly-regarded litigator from Lindsay, Ontario, who has recently retired from the practice of law. Jason started his career as a Bay Street commercial litigator before deciding, with his wife, to launch their firm in 2003. Over the following couple of decades, they grew Wards PC into a thriving midsize law firm. Then, in his early- to mid-forties, when discovered that alcohol and drugs gave him an escape from all the demands of running a practice and building his firm's brand.

Please take the time to listen to Jason Ward's story. The legal profession needs to have these conversations, as unsettling as they are, if we want mental health outcomes to start moving in the right direction.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 17: Everything, everywhere all at once: Challenges for the legal profession ahead

podcasts@cba.org (Jordan Furlong, Yves Faguy) — Thu, 22 Dec 2022 14:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy speaks with legal sector analyst Jordan Furlong, author of Law21.ca, about the multiplying disruptions facing the legal profession all at once.

With so many overlapping crises happening at once, feeding off one another and contributing to the unraveling of longstanding institutions, how must the legal profession prepare itself for the future? 

That’s the starting point of a conversation with returning guest Jordan Furlong. Many listeners are familiar with Jordan, a former editor-in-chief of CBA National, and now a legal sector analyst based in Ottawa. His work now focuses on change in the legal industry, legal regulation and lawyer formation. He is also the author of the Law21.ca blog, and the book Law Is a Buyer’s Market: Building a Client-First Law Firm. 

We discuss various topics, including the national implications of reregulating the legal profession in BC and the impact of generative AI tools on legal practice. We also dug into how the profession needs to rethink lawyer formation, talent retention and a growing mental health crisis that demands urgent action. Jordan also explains why he plans on staying busy on Twitter, and why the platform remains an important forum for lawyers.

Jordan Furlong is a legal sector analyst based in Ottawa, former editor-in chief of CBA National, whose work focuses on change in the legal industry, legal regulation and lawyer formation. He is also the author of the Law21.ca blog, and the book Law Is a Buyer’s Market: Building a Client-First Law Firm.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 16: Competition law and inclusive growth

podcasts@cba.org (yves faguy, robin shaban) — Thu, 15 Dec 2022 14:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy speaks with economist Robin Shaban, founder of Vivic Research about competition law and why reforms should aim to make it more growth inclusive.

Robin Shaban is the co-founder and associate at Vivic research, an economic consultancy for organizations working towards positive social change. They are the co-founder of the Canadian Anti-Monopoly Project, a think tank dedicated to addressing issues of monopoly in Canada.

They are also the co-author, with Colleen Kaiser, of an upcoming report, Leveraging Competition Law and Policy to Promote Inclusive Growth in Canada.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 15: Supreme court briefing

podcasts@cba.org (Nadja Effendi, Yves Faguy) — Fri, 25 Nov 2022 20:30:00 +0000

Episode 15: Supreme Court briefing

In this episode, Yves Faguy speaks with Nadia Effendi of BLG to brief us on the latest at the Supreme Court of Canada. Effendi is a partner at BLG, based out of Toronto and Ottawa, a member of the CBA’s Federal Courts Bench and Bar Liaison Committee. She is also the chair of BLG's Appellate Advocacy and Public Law Group. Before joining the firm, she served as a law clerk at the Supreme Court of Canada to then-Justice Michel Bastarache.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 14: Reviving Indigenous law as a source of Canadian law

podcasts@cba.org (Yves Faguy, Tuma Young) — Thu, 10 Nov 2022 14:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy speaks with law professor Tuma Young, KC, of Cape Breton University about the revitalization of Indigenous legal orders and what it means to braid them into Canada’s contemporary system of laws.

Young, who grew up in the traditions of the Eskasoni First Nation, is a researcher and an assistant professor in Indigenous studies and political science at Cape Breton University (CBU). He also served as the Nova Scotia Barrister’s Society’s first Indigenous president in 2021-2022.

His research primarily focuses on the analysis of L’nu worldview – L’nu being the term the Mi'kmaq use to describe themselves – traditional concepts of governance, and how they can be used in contemporary legal institutions.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 13: Transforming our courts using technology

podcasts@cba.org (Karen Eltis, Yves Faguy) — Thu, 13 Oct 2022 13:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy speaks with Karen Eltis of the University of Ottawa about our courts’ modernization efforts and the challenges ahead.

Professor Eltis is the contributing editor to the CBA No Turning Back Report, released in February 2021. She is a law professor at the University of Ottawa and specializes in artificial intelligence, innovation law and policy, and cybersecurity. She is also the author of Courts, Litigants and the Digital Age.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 12: Supreme Court briefing

podcasts@cba.org (nadia effendi, yves faguy) — Fri, 7 Oct 2022 20:00:00 +0000

Episode 12: Supreme Court briefing

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 11: Designing a privacy regime for the age of AI

podcasts@cba.org (Patricia Kosseim, Yves Faguy) — Thu, 8 Sep 2022 13:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy speaks with Ontario’s Information and Privacy Commissioner Patricia Kosseim about aligning our values as a society with laws governing privacy fit for the coming age of AI.

Patricia Kosseim began her career as a lawyer in Montréal at Heenan Blaikie, practising in health law, privacy law, and civil litigation. She has worked at Genome Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, where she developed national strategies for addressing legal, ethical and social implications of science and technology. She also served over a decade as Senior General Counsel at the Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada (OPC), and has advised Parliament on privacy implications of legislative bills.

Before appointment to lead the IPC in Ontario, she was counsel at Oslers in privacy and data management.

She is also host of the Info Matters podcast, about people privacy and access to information. It is available to listen on Apple podcasts, Spotify, Google podcasts or on the IPC website at: www.ipc.on.ca.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 10: Our Property Rights, Digital Jail, and the Charter

podcasts@cba.org (Canadian Bar Association) — Thu, 9 Jun 2022 13:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy speaks with Malcolm Lavoie of the University of Alberta and an associate counsel at Miller Thomson about our property rights in an increasingly cashless and digital economy.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 9: Fitness for Purpose: IP Laws

podcasts@cba.org (Wissam Aoun, John Megill, Yves Faguy) — Thu, 12 May 2022 13:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy speaks with Wissam Aoun about our IP laws and their fitness for purpose in the digital era. Aoun is the Acting Associate Dean at Windsor Law. He’s also an assistant professor focusing his research on patent law, professional regulation and governance. He has previously taught copyright law and trademark law. Aoun is also the new co-editor of the Canadian Bar Review with his Windsor colleague Chris Waters and associate editor Patrice Deslauriers of the Université de Montréal.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 8: Technology and the Charter’s future

podcasts@cba.org (Canadian Bar Association) — Thu, 14 Apr 2022 17:39:49 +0000

Yves Faguy speaks with Lex Gill of the Citizen Lab and a lawyer at Trudel Johnston & Lespérance in Montreal about how emerging technologies are making us rethink our protections under the Charter.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Épisode 7: Gouvernance et protection de nos droits à l’ère numérique

podcasts@cba.org (Canadian Bar Association) — Thu, 24 Mar 2022 08:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy reçoit Maroussia Lévesque, du centre Berkman Klein à l'Université Harvard, pour discuter de l’effet des technologies numériques sur nos droits et de l’émergence de nouveaux systèmes de gouvernance.

« L’idée d’explorer un modèle polycentrique de gouvernance ou de co-gouvernance, c’est comment tirer parti de l’expertise des entreprises privées sans abdiquer les responsabilités publiques », explique Maroussia Lévesque qui nous parle des effets des technologies numériques sur nos droits, et des nombreux défis que représente la transition vers un système polycentrique de gouvernance.

Maroussia est aussi membre du groupe de travail sur l’IA et les protocoles autochtones. Vous pouvez la suivre sur Twitter @ultrasmoooth.

Vous avez des questions ou souhaitez obtenir plus d’information? N'hésitez pas à nous contacter à: podcasts@cba.org avec le sujet "Balado".

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 6: Competition law and the digital economy

podcasts@cba.org (Canadian Bar Association) — Thu, 3 Mar 2022 09:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy speaks with Jennifer Quaid, an associate professor and vice-dean of research in the Civil Law Section at the University of Ottawa, about reforming the Competition Act and making it fit for purpose in a changing digital economy.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 5: Law’s place in the metaverse

podcasts@cba.org (Yves Faguy) — Thu, 27 Jan 2022 09:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy speaks with Toufic Adlouni, the co-founder and managing director of Renno & Co, a Montreal-based law firm focussed on emerging technology about the metaverse, its legal implications, and the commercial opportunities for law firms. His firm recently opened the first Canadian metaverse law office.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 4: How technology could reshape litigation

podcasts@cba.org (Canadian Bar Association) — Thu, 16 Dec 2021 09:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy speaks with Amanda Chaboryk, the Disputes and Litigation Data Lead at Norton Rose Fulbright’s London office about the evolving use of technology and analytics to support major litigation. Chaboryk is part of NRF Transform, the firm’s global change and innovation programme, and has experience in project management, litigation finance, and data science.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Épisode 3: Comment se préparer pour l’ère de l’informatique quantique

podcasts@cba.org (Canadian Bar Association) — Thu, 25 Nov 2021 09:00:00 +0000

Dans cet épisode Yves Faguy reçoit Florian Martin-Bariteau, de l’Université d’Ottawa, pour parler d’une nouvelle technologie qui risque d’avoir des répercussions majeures sur nos données et notre avenir à tous : l’informatique quantique.

Florian Martin-Bariteau, LL.D., est professeur agrégé en droit et technologie au sein de la Faculté de droit, Section de common law et directeur du Centre de recherche en droit, technologie et société de l’Université d’Ottawa. Développeur et créatif devenu juriste, ses recherches portent sur le droit, l’éthique et les politiques des technologies, avec un intérêt particulier pour les chaînes de blocs, l’intelligence artificielle, la cybersécurité, les lanceurs d’alerte et les droits intellectuels.

Pour lire le guide écrit par Florian Martin-Bariteau et Amy Salyzyn : La déontologie du droit dans un contexte numérique

Vous avez des questions ou souhaitez obtenir plus d’information? N'hésitez pas à nous contacter à: podcasts@cba.org avec le sujet "Balado".

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 2: The perils of lawyers handling digital assets

podcasts@cba.org (Canadian Bar Association) — Thu, 21 Oct 2021 09:00:00 +0000

Yves Faguy speaks with Geoff Costeloe of Lindsey MacCarthy LLP in Vancouver, whose legal practice focuses on estate planning and administration with a focus on digital assets. They discuss how digital assets are very different from traditional ones, why lawyers need to get up to speed quickly, and what regulators can do to prepare for the future.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Episode 1: Fighting disinformation by legal means

podcasts@cba.org (Canadian Bar Association) — Wed, 22 Sep 2021 13:14:57 +0000

In this first episode of a new “Modern Law” series, Yves Faguy speaks with Ève Gaumond, an affiliate to Quebec's Observatory on the Societal Impact of AI and Digital Technologies, to find out more on how the law can be used, or not, to fight disinformation. They discuss a range of topics from the role of mainstream media, the perils of computational propaganda and legislative efforts to tackle disinformation as well as online hate.

To contact us (please include in the subject line ''Podcast''): national@cba.org

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.